Fig. 2

Evolutionary tree of Primates and retrotransposons. SVA elements are Hominoidea-specific, while Alu and L1 are more ancient. The origin of different APOBEC3 genes is concurrent with the explosion of specific retrotransposon families, i.e. ERVs and L1s: A3G appeared just after the split of Simiiformes 43 Mya and during the invasion of ERVs, while A3B and A3D/F originated during the invasion of LINE-1 and the split between old world monkeys and Hominoidea (Apes + Humans)